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canada adds acrylamide to toxic substance list
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health canada has added acrylamide, a substance found in french fries and potato chips, to the government’s list of toxic substances. acrylamide first came onto the health and safety agenda in 2002 when scientists at the swedish food administration reported unexpectedly high levels of acrylamide in carbohydrate-rich foods and published evidence linking the chemical to cancer in laboratory rats. the chemical is not added to foods but is produced when starchy foods are cooked at high temperatures. it is formed by a reaction, known as the maillard effect, between sugar and an amino acid called asparagine, which creates the brown color and tasty flavor of baked, fried and toasted foods. food manufacturers have come under consumer pressure to come up with ways to cut levels of acrylamide in these foods, but now in canada, the pressure is coming from government. reduction strategy having added acrylamide to its toxic list, health canada will be pursing a three-pronged strategy to reduce exposure to the substance from food sources. it will press the food industry to develop effective ways of reducing the presence of acrylamide in food and will coordinate with food regulators abroad on risk management. the government body also promised to provide consumers with regularly updated advice. the decision to add acrylamide to the toxic list comes despite a large number of studies being published since the 2002 swedish study finding no cancer link. most recently, scientists at maastricht university in the netherlands published a study this spring in cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & preventionintakes finding no link between acrylamide and brain cancer. industry action nevertheless, derek nighbor, a spokesperson for food and consumer products of canada (fcpc) said there was still a need for further research to understand the health effects of acrylamide. over the past few years, aware of consumer concerns and the inconclisive nature of current research, food manufacturers have been making efforts to remove or reduce the chemical in their products. most attention in the past two years for reducing the chemical has focused on the use of enzymes to convert asparagine into another amino acid called aspartic acid, thereby preventing the creation of acrylamide. there are two main competitors in this area: novozymes with its acrylaway enzyme, and dsm’s preventase, both of which were launched for use in 2007. nighbor said fcpc would be working with government to develop guidance documents to make food companies aware of all the tools at their disposal to reduce levels of acrylamide. the inclusion of the chemical on health canada’s toxic list is part of the canadian government’s ongoing review of nearly two hundred chemical substances in widespread commercial use that have never before been subjected to thorough risk analysis.
Source :foodqualitynews.com
Date :
26
August
2009
Category :
Rest
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vitamin b3 may inhibit the formation of acrylamide in french fries by over 50 per cent, according to a new study from china. in a model system, both vitamins b3 and b6 in the pyridoxine form were able to inhibit over 70 per cent of the formation of the carcinogen, suggest findings published in the journal food chemistry . “the effectiveness of vitamin b3 was eventually corroborated in fried potato strips, thus suggesting its great potential for application in food processing to decrease acrylamide formation,” wrote the authors, led by xiaohui zeng from the university of hong kong.
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using amino acids to compete with, and reduce, the sources of acrylamide should focus on the common additive cysteine, according to results from belgium. according to a study published in the journal food chemistry , l-cysteine may reduce the concentration of acrylamide by more than 99 per cent. “selectively increasing the free amino acid pool to compete with asparagine for available carbonyls and/or to enhance the elimination of acrylamide has already been proposed as a possible mitigation mechanism for acrylamide generation,” explained lead author kristel de vleeschouwer from the leuven food science and nutrition research centre (lforce) at the catholic university of leuven.
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tolerable intakes of acrylamide should be set at 2.6 micrograms per kilogram of body weight to avoid the cancer risk, says a new toxicology study from the us. this would be equivalent to 182 micrograms for a 70 kg human as a tolerable daily intake (tdi) for carcinogenic levels. the tdi for neurotoxicity was found to be higher, at 40 micrograms per kg per day, or 2,800 micrograms per day for a 70 kg human.
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too much snacking on potato chips may increase the risk of hardening of the arteries, and raise the risk of cardiovascular disease, says a joint polish-swedish study. according to findings published in the new issue of the american journal of clinical nutrition , consuming 160 grams of potato chips per day may increase levels of compounds linked to oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which may increase the risk of certain chronic disease.
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a snapshot survey of process chemicals in food products sold in the uk has found that potato snacks contained the highest levels of acrylamide, but the impact of initiatives like the ciaa acrylamide toolbox will only really be seen in future surveys. acrylamide is a suspected carcinogen that is formed during by heat-induced reaction between sugar and an amino acid called asparagine.
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the ciaa has included asparaginase in the new version of its acrylamide toolbox, a move seen to validation the efforts of companies that have developed commercial solutions using the acrylamide-reducing enzyme. acrylamide is a suspected carcinogen that is formed during by heat-induced reaction between sugar and an amino acid called asparagine. known as the maillard reaction, this process is responsible for the brown colour and tasty flavour of baked, fried and toasted foods.
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