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too soon to see toolbox effect on acrylamide in snacks, fsa
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a snapshot survey of process chemicals in food products sold in the uk has found that potato snacks contained the highest levels of acrylamide, but the impact of initiatives like the ciaa acrylamide toolbox will only really be seen in future surveys. acrylamide is a suspected carcinogen that is formed during by heat-induced reaction between sugar and an amino acid called asparagine. known as the maillard reaction, this process is responsible for the brown colour and tasty flavour of baked, fried and toasted foods. it first hit the headlines in 2002, when scientists at the swedish food administration first reported unexpectedly high levels of acrylamide, found to cause cancer in laboratory rats, in carbohydrate-rich foods. in 2005, the ciaa (confederation of the food and drink industries of the eu) launched a toolbox of solutions to help manufacturers of food products tackle the problem. this was updated last year, with the notable inclusion of asparaginase enzymes developed by novozymes and dsm, branded acrylaway and preventase, respectively. the fsa survey was carried out in 2007, the first year of a three-year rolling programme to measure the amounts of acrylamide in foods at retail, as well as three other carcinogens that may result from manufacture, cooking, packaging, or any of the other processes involved in bringing food to the consumer. the other chemicals are 3-mcpd, furan, and ethyl carbamate. in its concluding remarks to the survey report, the fsa said that the results from 2007 do not show an increase in levels of acrylamide. as this was the first year of the survey, it is hard to see the impact of the ciaa toolbox. however the results from the parallel surveys in 2008 and 2009 will be collated, and “used to carry out future exposure assessments to determine the uk consumer’s exposure to acrylamide”. results for acrylamide, 178 samples were analysed overall – and 176 of these contained acrylamide. the levels were all seen to be within previously reported highest mean range for prefabricated potato snacks, at 1143 μg/kg. cereal-based baby foods and breads were found to have “very low levels of acrylamide in comparison”. biscuits and crackers were found to have the highest levels of 3-mcpd, with a mean level of 27 μg/kg; no 3-mcpd at all was found in any of the breakfast cereal samples. the highest levels of furan were found in coffee, with a mean of 3232 μg/kg. however the fsa said that furan is highly volatile, so a considerable amount would be lost on processing. “therefore, consumers would not have been exposed to levels reported here as these results were obtained from retail samples before brewing,” says the report. finally, 30 samples were taken from different kinds of breads, fermented crispbread, and soy sauces and tested for ethyl carbamate. the concentrations were said to be “relatively low and in line with previously reported results”. manufacturer views the fsa has received feedback from several manufacturers about the findings. procter & gamble, the maker of pringles potato snacks, noted that the survey was carried out in april 2007. at that time the acrylamide level was seen to be 807 μg/kg – but it said it has now managed to reduce this to 500 μg/kg. “we must question the consumer value of reporting data that is over a year old when it does not represent current status, and for such a narrow range of products in the snack category.” united biscuits said that it is working with universities and conducting its own research on ways to reduce acrylamide, while still maintaining product quality. “not all approaches reduce levels of acrylamide significantly, or are practical in everyday use,” it said.
Source :Food Ingredients Food Science - Additives, Flavours, Starch
Date :
11
September
2008
Category :
Codiments,Desserts,food additi
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vitamin b3 may inhibit the formation of acrylamide in french fries by over 50 per cent, according to a new study from china. in a model system, both vitamins b3 and b6 in the pyridoxine form were able to inhibit over 70 per cent of the formation of the carcinogen, suggest findings published in the journal food chemistry . “the effectiveness of vitamin b3 was eventually corroborated in fried potato strips, thus suggesting its great potential for application in food processing to decrease acrylamide formation,” wrote the authors, led by xiaohui zeng from the university of hong kong.
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using amino acids to compete with, and reduce, the sources of acrylamide should focus on the common additive cysteine, according to results from belgium. according to a study published in the journal food chemistry , l-cysteine may reduce the concentration of acrylamide by more than 99 per cent. “selectively increasing the free amino acid pool to compete with asparagine for available carbonyls and/or to enhance the elimination of acrylamide has already been proposed as a possible mitigation mechanism for acrylamide generation,” explained lead author kristel de vleeschouwer from the leuven food science and nutrition research centre (lforce) at the catholic university of leuven.
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tolerable intakes of acrylamide should be set at 2.6 micrograms per kilogram of body weight to avoid the cancer risk, says a new toxicology study from the us. this would be equivalent to 182 micrograms for a 70 kg human as a tolerable daily intake (tdi) for carcinogenic levels. the tdi for neurotoxicity was found to be higher, at 40 micrograms per kg per day, or 2,800 micrograms per day for a 70 kg human.
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too much snacking on potato chips may increase the risk of hardening of the arteries, and raise the risk of cardiovascular disease, says a joint polish-swedish study. according to findings published in the new issue of the american journal of clinical nutrition , consuming 160 grams of potato chips per day may increase levels of compounds linked to oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which may increase the risk of certain chronic disease.
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the ciaa has included asparaginase in the new version of its acrylamide toolbox, a move seen to validation the efforts of companies that have developed commercial solutions using the acrylamide-reducing enzyme. acrylamide is a suspected carcinogen that is formed during by heat-induced reaction between sugar and an amino acid called asparagine. known as the maillard reaction, this process is responsible for the brown colour and tasty flavour of baked, fried and toasted foods.
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Coca.Cola
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PEPSI
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Mcdonald
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Nestle
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Mars
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Baskin & Robins
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Nutrika
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Mumika
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Chika
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